THANK YOU FOR SUBSCRIBING
Manufacturing Technology Insights | Tuesday, September 10, 2024
Plastic manufacturing processes depend on certain crucial factors such as volume, cost, material, and form.
FREMONT, CA: From consumer products to medical devices, plastic is the most common material for end-use parts and products. There are thousands of polymer options in plastics, each with its own mechanical properties. How are plastic parts made?
Stay ahead of the industry with exclusive feature stories on the top companies, expert insights and the latest news delivered straight to your inbox. Subscribe today.
Plastic manufacturing processes are available to cover a wide range of applications, part geometries, and types of plastics. A designer or engineer should be aware of the manufacturing options available today and how parts will be manufactured in the future when developing a new product.
Plastic Manufacturing Processes: How to Choose the Right One
Selecting a manufacturing process for the product should take into account the following factors:
Cost/volume: In some manufacturing processes, tooling and setup costs are high, but parts are inexpensive per part. Due to slower cycle times, less automation, and manual labor, low-volume manufacturing processes have low startup costs, but the cost per part remains constant or decreases only marginally as volume increases.
The material: Different factors determine the best material for a given application. Functionality and aesthetics must be balanced against cost. Making a comparison between the ideal characteristics of the specific application and the available options in the manufacturing process is necessary.
The form: Design for manufacturing (DFM) optimization may be necessary, depending on the geometry of the design, to make a design economically feasible.
The lead time: The first parts can be created within 24 hours for some processes, while tooling and setup can take months for some high-volume production processes.
The various types of plastics are as follows:
Thermoplastics: Most plastics are thermoplastics. They are distinguished from thermosets by their ability to undergo numerous melt and solidification cycles without significant degradation. Diverse manufacturing processes are used to shape thermoplastic pellets or sheets. Because no chemical bonds are formed during the process, thermoplastics can be recycled or melted and reused.
The following are common types of thermoplastic materials:
• Acrylic (PMMA)
• Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS)
• Polyamide (PA)
• Polylactic acid (PLA)
• Polycarbonate (PC)
• Polyether ether ketone (PEEK)
• Polyethylene (PE)
• Polypropylene (PP)
• Polyvinyl chloride (PVC)
Thermosetting Plastics: Unlike thermoplastics, thermosetting plastics (also known as thermosets) remain solid after curing. A thermosetting material's polymers crosslink during a curing process induced by heat, light, or suitable radiation. As a result of this curing process, an irreversible chemical bond is formed. When heated, thermosetting plastics decompose rather than melt, and they do not reform when cooled. Thermosets cannot be recycled or returned to their base ingredients.
More in News