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Manufacturing Technology Insights | Thursday, October 27, 2022
The recent features of CNC machining are increasing production processes, assisting companies to stay ahead of the curve, and recognising suitable CNC machines for businesses.
FREMONT, CA: Computer numerically controlled (CNC) machining is used for various projects and offers extensive benefits to businesses in different industries. As it runs under the control of computers, CNC machining can produce complex and precise parts in a short time. This enables businesses to produce parts faster, maximising production and reducing time to market. The development of CNC machines, high-speed, high-precision, composite, intelligent, open, parallel drive, network, extreme, and green, has emerged as new trends and development directions for CNC machines.
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High-Speed
The high-speed requirements of CNC machine processing are significantly increasing with the rapid development of automotive, national defence, aviation, aerospace, and other industries and new materials such as aluminium alloy applications. This has led to increased spindle speed, where machine tools use electric spindles with a maximum speed of 200000r/min. The feed rate has also been augmented where in the resolution of 0.01μm, the machine can obtain the maximum feed rate of 240m/min from the complex surface of the precise processing.
Along with this, the commuting speed has also increased. The rapid microprocessor development for the CNC system has moved to the high-speed, high-precision direction to provide protection. The CPU outcome has developed into 32-bit and 64-bit CNC systems. The frequency has increased to several hundred megahertz on the gigahertz. As a result of this massive increase in computing speed, when the resolution of 0.1μm, 0.01μm can still obtain up to a 24 ~ 240m/min feed rate.
High-Precision
CNC machine tool accuracy requirements are currently not confined to static geometric and machine tool accuracy, thermal deformation and monitoring and compensation of vibration are gaining more attention.
This improves CNC machining accuracy with the use of high-speed interpolation technology to achieve continuous tiny programme segment feeding for CNC to control unit refinement, and the use of a high-resolution position detection device to improve the position detection accuracy, position servo systems using feed-forward control, nonlinear control, and other methods. Adopting error compensation technology is another outcome of high precision. It uses backlash compensation, screw pitch error compensation, tool error compensation, and other technologies to compensate for the equipment's thermal deformation and spatial error. Results have indicated that applying comprehensive error compensation technology can reduce machining errors by 20 per cent.
Furthermore, the grid is used to check and improve the machining centre’s motion trajectory accuracy. The machine tool’s machining accuracy is predicted through simulation to ensure its positioning accuracy and repeatability. This aims at table performance in the long term and completes various machining tasks under different operating conditions, and ensures the machining quality of parts.
New business challenges will lead to more innovation in CNC machining in the coming years. These trends reflect the current market requirements and assist companies in staying ahead of the competition. It is necessary to identify the current trend to get the best investment value and to know which CNC machine is suitable for businesses.
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