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Manufacturing Technology Insights | Wednesday, March 29, 2023
The AM101 series provides a comprehensive introduction to additive manufacturing, highlighting its advantages and potential impact on various industries.
FREMONT, CA: Although there are numerous additive manufacturing (AM) techniques available, the most widely recognised and utilised form is the desktop 3D printer. While the term 3D printing is often used interchangeably with additive manufacturing, the latter term is becoming more relevant as these technologies advance and move beyond just prototyping to full-fledged manufacturing capabilities.
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Additive manufacturing and desktop fused filament fabrication (FFF) printers have a common characteristic, they build objects layer by layer using digital 3D data. This sets them apart from subtractive manufacturing methods such as milling, laser cutting, and sculpting, as well as formative processes such as moulding. Additive manufacturing is an efficient method of production, as it minimises material waste. In contrast, traditional manufacturing methods, such as machining, start with a large workpiece and remove material to create a part. The waste generated holds little value and often includes contaminated cooling fluids mixed with chips from the machine.
Formative processes like moulding and casting can produce high quantities of parts, but the initial cost of tooling is typically high, requiring significant time and financial investment. In contrast, AM is often considered to have a flat cost per part regardless of the number produced, making it more cost-effective for low-volume production. However, advancements in AM technology are changing this perception, and the cost curve is becoming more flexible. Additionally, improvements in the AM workflow are rapidly increasing, allowing for greater efficiency and cost savings.
Additive manufacturing provides the opportunity to improve the design of tools and parts, as well as consolidate assemblies into fewer parts, resulting in cost and time savings. For instance, AM can produce higher-performance injection moulds with conformal internal cooling channels, which can reduce cycle time and improve part quality. Furthermore, additive manufacturing allows the production of parts made of multiple materials, and substances can be designed directly for additive manufacturing. Consolidating parts into one through 3-dimensional printing is also a possibility, which is cost-effective and time efficient.
Even with the progress made in additive manufacturing, there are still several challenges that need to be addressed. For instance, the cost of desktop printing is still high, and the raw materials needed for these printers are expensive and sometimes difficult to find. Another significant challenge is the lack of knowledge among people using these technologies. Additionally, some technologies are expensive due to intellectual property rights, leading to increased capital expenditures. However, there has been a gradual decrease in the cost of printers, raw materials, and related services.
The AM101 series provides a comprehensive establishment to the world of additive manufacturing, covering its technology, applications, economics, operations, and design aspects. It highlights the advantages of AM over traditional manufacturing processes, such as material efficiency, cost-effectiveness, and design flexibility. Although there are still challenges in terms of the cost of desktop printing, raw material availability, and knowledge gaps, the series emphasises the momentum and resources being gathered to address these challenges. Overall, the AM101 series is a valuable resource for anyone seeking to understand the basics of additive manufacturing technology and its potential impact on various industries.
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